The European Commission (EC) and the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) signed a readmission agreement (RA) in 2005. Its implementation has thus far not taken place due to various operational and political reasons that so far have postponed the creation of the Joint Readmission Committee and the finalization of bilateral readmission Protocols with member countries. The actual implementation of the RA is a pre-condition for a greater access to EU labour markets for Sri Lanka migrant workers in the long-term. The overall objective of this study is to identify the costs and benefits for both the EU and Sri Lanka of enacting the RA, and conduct an assessment aimed to provide the necessary background information on RA implementation in other countries and recommend best practices.