One of the key challenges facing older people and their families in developing countries is poverty and income insecurity. Social security and security in old age are both basic rights under the UN Declaration of 1948, yet older people in the developing world usually lack both of these rights. Over the past few years, it has been recognized that one of the main needs of poor older people is access to a pension yet, at the moment, very few have this access. This study was done as a consultancy to contribute to a feasibility study on a social pension for all older people in Sri Lanka.